Model Examination- 1 2018-19
Business Studies
Class: XII. C Marks:
80
Time: 3hrs
General Instruction:
§
Answers
to questions 1 to 8 carrying 1 marks may be from one word to one sentence
§
Answers
to questions 9 to 13 carrying 3 marks may be from 50-75 words.
§
Answers
to questions 14 to 19 carrying 4 marks may be from 50-75 words.
§
Answers
to questions 20 to 22 carrying 5 marks may be about 150 words.
§
Answers
to questions 23 to 25 carrying 6 marks may be about 200 words
§
Attempt
all parts of question together.
1.
Define
“Recruitment”.
2.
Why
motivation is called a complex process?
OR
“Successful organizations do not achieve their goals by
chance but by following a deliberate process‟‟. Identify the process
highlighted here.
3.
At
which level of management does directing takes place?
Or
Distinguish between Authority and Responsibility on the basis
of Origin.
4.
Give the meaning of ‘Policy’ as a type of plan.
Or
Define “Grading‟ as a function of marketing.
5.
Name the „on-the-job‟ method of training that is used to give
training to plumbers.
6.
Mohit purchased a smart phone for ₹30,000 from a mobile phone
seller on his verbal commitment that the smart phone will be replaced in case
of any defect, within a span of six months. The phone started creating
technical issues in spite of proper maintenance and upkeep of the phone. The
seller denied taking any action on the complaint made by Mohit.
Name the redressal agency under the Consumer protection Act
where Mohit can file his complaint.
7.
State
any one advantage of ‘Formal Organisation’.
8.
The size of assets, the profitability and competitiveness are
affected by one of the financial decisions‟. State the decision involved with
reference to the given statement.
9. Rahim was working in an enterprise on daily wages basis. It was difficult
for him to ful fill the basic needs of his family. His daughter fell ill. He
had no money for his daughter’s treatment. To meet the expenses of her
treatment, he participated in a cycle race and won the prize money. The cycle
company offered him a permanent pensionable job which he happily accepted.
(i) By quoting the lines from the above para
identify the needs of Rahim that are satisfied by the offer of Cycle Company.
(ii) Also, explain two other needs of Rahim followed
by above that are still to be satisfied.
Or
State any three points of importance of directing function of
management.
10.
‘Financial
market plays an important role in the allocation of scarce resources in an
economy by performing various functions.’ Explain any three functions of
financial market.
11.
Rahul
decided to start a desert cooler manufacturing business. He sets the target of
earning 20% profit on sales in the first year. He was very much concerned about
the future prospects of the business, which were uncertain. For this, he
gathered information from the potential market and analyzed that the demand for
wall mounted coolers is increasing day by day. He used this information as the
base for future planning. On the basis of the gathered information, he called a
meeting in the following week to find new methods to achieve the objective.
a) Identify the function
of management involved in the above case.
b) Enumerate the next
two steps, which have been followed by Rahul that are related to the process of
one of the functions of management.
Or
“The overall objective of SEBI is to protect the interest of
investors and to promote the development of, and regulate the securities
market.” In light of the given statement, state any three objectives of SEBI.
12.
“Financial markets play
an important role in the allocation of scarce resources in an economy by
performing important functions.” In light of the given statement, state any
three functions performed by Financial Market.
13.
Crackers Ltd., a fire cracker manufacturing company
launched some new products on eve of Diwali which attracted many buyers. To
meet the increased demand, the company employed children from nearby villages.
Although the product was in great demand, appropriate safety warnings were not
mentioned on the packets that led to many accidents. Identify and explain the
important product related decision that was not taken into consideration by the
company.
14.
State
any three points of importance of consumer protection from the point of view of
consumers.
15.
State
any four differences between Primary market and Secondary Market.
Or
Abhin Ltd. set up a factory for manufacturing
solar lanterns in a remote village as there was no reliable supply of
electricity in rural areas. The revenue earned by the company was sufficient to
cover the costs and the risks. The demand of lanterns was increasing day by
day, so the company decided to increase production to generate higher sales.
For this, they decided to employ people from nearby villages as very few job
opportunities were available in that area. The company also decided to open
schools and crèches for the children of its employees. Identify and explain the
objectives of management discussed above.
16.
Bhavan buys a packet of
dry cake from a cake shop without asking for the bill. The pack does not bear
any information other than the name of shop. After reaching home she finds the
cake to be stale.
a) Identify the consumer
right that has been violated.
b) State any three responsibilities that a consumer must keep
in mind while purchasing any good.
17. Why
is the understanding of business environment important for managers? Explain
with the help of any four points.
Or
How is training of employees beneficial for the organisation?
State by giving any four reasons.
18.
State the steps in the organising process.
19.
‘Though branding adds to the cost, it provides several advantages to the
consumers’. In the light of the statement, state any three advantages of
branding to customers.
20. Describe any five reasons which
clarify that management is gaining importance day-by-day.
21. Identify the technique of sales promotion used by the company
in the following cases:
(a) Purchase goods
worth₹ 90,000 and get a holiday package of ₹10,000 free.
(b) A company offers 40%
of extra glucose in a pack of 1 Kg.
(c) A mobile company
offers a discount of ₹2,000 to clear off excess inventory.
(d) A company offers a
pack of 1 Kg of tea with a purchase of 5 kgs of sugar
(e) On return of the
wrapper, a customer gets ₹5 off on purchase of the same product.
Or
Explain ‘Price’ as an element of marketing– mix. Also,
explain any four factors that affect the fixation of price of a product.
22.
State any five characteristics of
Coordination.
23.
Explain
the following as factors affecting dividend decision
Or
Explain the various steps in the process of controlling.
24.
‘The barriers to effective communication exist in all organisations to a
greater or lesser degree.’ State any six measures to overcome these barriers.
25. Flavours Ltd. was engaged in the business of making handmade
chocolates. Lately, the business was expanding due to good quality and
reasonable prices. As the demand was increasing, Flavours Ltd. decided to
explore bakery products as well. In order to make bakery products the company
directed its workforce to work overtime but this resulted in multiple problems.
Due to increased pressure the efficiency declined and the workers had to take
orders from more than one superior. Workers were overburdened and their health
was also affected. Gradually the quality of the products begins to decline and
market share also went down. The company realized that they had implemented
changes without waiting for the required infrastructure. Identify and explain
the principles/technique of Taylor/Fayol referred to in the above para.
Model Examination- 1 2018-19
Accountancy
Class: XII. Marks:
80
Time:
3hrs
Marking scheme
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Question No.
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Value Points
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Mark
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1
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Recruitment refers to the procedure of finding and stimulating the required candidates to apply for a particular job. The process of recruitment involves persuading as many persons as possible to apply for a
particular job vacancy.
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1
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2
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Motivation is a complex process as it involves dealing with numerous individuals with heterogeneous natures. Every individual differs from another in aspects such as nature, thinking pattern and perception. Therefore, different individuals require different types of motivation techniques. A motivation technique that works on one person may not work on others.
Or
Process highlighted in
the statement is ‘Management’.
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1
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3
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Directing takes place at all the levels of management—top-level management, middle
level management and lower-level management.
Or
Authority Arises from
formal position. Responsibility Arises from delegated authority.
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1
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4
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Policy is a general guideline
which brings uniformity in decision making for achievement of predetermined
objectives.
Or
Grading
is the process of classification of products into different groups, on the
basis of some of its important characteristics such as quality, size, etc.
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1
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5
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Apprenticeship programmes can be used to give training to
the plumbers.
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1
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6
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No, Mohit cannot file
a complaint against the seller in the consumer court as he does not have
cash-memo. He had purchased mobile phone on the verbal commitment only.
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1
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7
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(i) It is easier to fix responsibility.
(ii) It avoids duplication of efforts.
(iii) It maintains unity of command
(iv) It leads to effective accomplishment of goals.
(v) It provides stability to the organisation.
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1
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8
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Capital budgeting
decision involves allocation of funds to different projects or assets with
long term implications.
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1
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9
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(i) Needs of Rahim
that are satisfied by the offer of cycle company are Physiological needs and
Safety/ security needs ‘The cycle company offered him a permanent pensionable
job’.
(ii) The other
needs followed by the above stated needs that are still to be satisfied are:
(a) Affiliation/
Belongingness needs.
These needs refer
to the need for affection, sense of belonging, acceptance and friendship.
(b) Esteem needs
These needs refer to the need for self respect, autonomy status, recognition and
attention.
Or
1. Directing helps to initiate action in the
organization towards attainment of desired objectives.
2. Directing integrates employees’ efforts in
the organization in such a way that e very individual effort contributes to
the organisational performance.
3. Directing guides employees to fully
realize their potential and capabilities by motivating and effective
leadership.
4. Directing facilitates introduction of
needed changes in the organisation.
5. Effective directing helps to bring stability
in the organization.
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3
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10
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(i) Mobilisation of savings and channelising them into most
productive use.
(ii) Facilitating price discovery.
(iii) Providing liquidity to financial assets.
(iv) Reducing the cost of transactions.
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3
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11
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(a) Planning
(b) (i) Identifying
alternative courses of action.
(ii) Evaluating alternative courses of action.
Or
1. To regulate stock exchanges and the
securities industry to promote their orderly functioning.
2. To protect the rights and interests of
investors, particularly individual investors and to guide and educate them.
3. To prevent trading malpractices and
achieve a balance between selfregulation by the securities industry and its
statutory regulation.
4. To regulate and develop a code of conduct
and fair practices by intermediaries like brokers, merchant bankers etc.,
with a view to making them competitive and professional.
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3
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12
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1. Financial markets mobilise savings of households and
channelize them into the most productive uses.
2. It facilitates price discovery of a financial asset
through interaction between supply and demand of funds.
3. Financial markets provide liquidity to financial assets,
so that they can be easily converted into cash whenever required.
4. Financial markets provide valuable information about
securities being traded in the market and thereby, help to reduce cost of
transaction in terms of time, effort and money.
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3
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13
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The important product
related decision that was not taken into consideration by the company is
Labelling.
It is the process of designing the
label and putting it on the package to provide information regarding the
product, its contents, methods of use etc.
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3
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14
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(i) It educates consumers about their
rights and reliefs available to them.
(ii) It organises consumers in the form
of consumer organisations which would take care of their interests.
(iii) It protects consumers against
exploitative and unfair trade practices.
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4
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15
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Or
(i)
The objectives of management referred to are:
(a)
Organisational objectives These refer to the utilisation of human and
material resources considering the interest of all stakeholders.
(b)
Social objectives
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4
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16
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(i) Right to Information
(ii) CONSUMER RESPONSIBILITIES (Any two) :
a. Be aware about various goods and services
available in the market so that an intelligent and wise choice can be made.
b. Buy only standardised goods as they
provide quality assurance. Thus, look for ISI mark on electrical goods, FPO
mark on food products, Hallmark on jewelry etc.
c. Learn about the risks associated with
products and services, follow manufacturer’s instructions and use the
products safely.
d. Read labels carefully so as to have information
about prices, net weight, manufacturing and expiry dates, etc.
e. Assert yourself to ensure that you get a
fair deal.
f. Be honest in your dealings. Choose only
from legal goods and services and discourage unscrupulous practices like
black-marketing, hoarding etc.
g. Ask for a cash memo on purchase of goods
or services. This would serve as a proof of the purchase made.
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4
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17
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Understanding of business environment
is important for managers to:
(i) Identify opportunities and get the
first mover advantage.
(ii) Identify threats and early
warning signals.
(iii) Tap useful resources.
(iv) Cope with rapid changes.
(v) Assist in planning and policy
formulation.
(vi) Improve performance.
Or
Training of employees is beneficial
for the organisation as:
(a) It avoids wastage of efforts and
money.
(b) It enhances employee productivity.
(c) It equips the future manager to
take over in an emergency.
(d) It reduces employees’ turnover.
(e) It helps the employees to adopt
the new/latest technology.
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4
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18
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·
Identifying and dividing the work
·
Creating departments
·
Assigning duties
·
Establishing relationships
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4
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19
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The following are the
advantages of branding from the customers’ point of view:
(i) Branding enables
customers to distinguish a particular product from the product of other firms.
(ii) By using branded
goods, consumers are ensured of the authenticity of the product— branding
helps ensure the supply of good quality products to consumers.
(iii) Famous brands often act as status
symbols.
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4
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20
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·
Helps achieve goals
·
Increases efficiency
·
Creates a dynamic organisation
·
Develops society
·
Helps achieve personal objectives
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5
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21
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a. Usable benefit
b. Quantity Gifts
c. Rebate
d. Product combination
e. Refund
or
Price as an element of marketing mix
involves decisions regarding pricing objectives, pricing Methods, pricing
strategies, pricing policies and price changes.
Factors that affect the fixation of
price of a product are:
(a) Product cost
(b) Utility and demand
(c) Extent of competition in the market,
(d) Government and legal regulations.
(e) Pricing objectives.
(f) Marketing methods used
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5
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22
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Characteristics of
Coordination:
(i) Coordination
unifies unrelated or diverse interests into purposeful work activity.
(ii) The purpose of
coordination is to secure unity of action in the realization of a common
purpose. It acts as the binding force between departments and ensures that
all action is aimed at achieving the goals of the organisation.
(iii)Coordination is
not a one-time function but a continuous process. It begins at the planning
stage and continues till controlling.
(iv) Coordination is
required at all levels of management due to the interdependent nature of
activities of various departments. It integrates the efforts of different
departments and different levels.
(v) Coordination is
the responsibility of all managers at the top, middle and lower level.
(vi) Coordination is the deliberate function
of management.
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5
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23
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(i) Stability of earnings
Companies with stable earnings
are in a better position to declare higher dividends.
(ii) Growth opportunities
Companies having good growth
opportunities declare smaller dividend so as to retain more money to finance
their investment.
(iii) Cash flow position
Companies with stronger cash
flows can declare higher dividend.
(iv) Taxation policy
Companies can declare higher
dividends if the tax on dividend is lower.
Or
Steps in
the process of controlling:
(i) Setting
performance standards.
(ii)
Measurement of actual performance.
(iii)
Comparison of actual performance with the standards and analysing deviations.
(iv) Taking
corrective action.
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6
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24
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(i) Communication should take place as per
the level of understanding and capabilities of the receiver. The receiver
should be able to clearly understand the information communicated.
(ii) The language, tone and content of the
information communicated should be appropriately chosen. It should be easily
understandable and should not harm anybody’s sentiments.
(iii) In order to make communication
effective, regular feedback regarding the information communicated must be
taken from the receiver. During the communication process, the communicator
must encourage the receiver to respond and ask questions in case of any doubt.
(iv) The communicator should also be a
patient listener. He or she should be open to receiving communication from
the receiver.
(v) The information communicated should be
complete in all respects; nothing should be left ambiguous.
(vi) The core idea of the communication must
be clear to both the sender and the receiver. Before starting a communication
process, both the parties involved should have a general idea of the
communication.
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6
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25
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(i)
UNITY OF COMMAND - According to Fayol there should be one and only one boss
for every individual employee. If an employee gets orders from two superiors
at the same time the principle of unity of command is violated. The principle
of unity of command states that each participant in a formal organisation
should receive orders from and be responsible to only one superior. Fayol gave
a lot of importance to this principle.
(ii)
FATIGUE STUDY - A person is bound to feel tired physically and mentally if
she/he does not rest while working. The rest intervals will help one to regain
stamina and work again with the same capacity. This will result in increased
productivity. Fatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of
rest intervals in completing a task.
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6
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